Parenting

Kids learning to read improved more when they read alongside an audio rendition of the text, compared to those who read silently.

System

Excessive mobile device use (more than 1 hour per day) among six-year-old children was associated with behavioral issues and hyperactivity/inattention, based on parents' reports.

PLOS ONE

Parenting

Sugar consumption is associated with more frequent risky behavior, such as fighting, bullying, drinking, and smoking, in adolescents. Consuming sugary drinks is more strongly associated with risky behavior than consuming sweets such as chocolate and candy.

Social Science & Medicine

In 4th- and 7th-grade children, drinking sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with childhood hypertension. This relationship was greater for 7th-grade children and boys regardless of age.

Journal of Human Hypertension

In 10th-grade students, those from low-income families were less likely to have a growth mindset (belief that intelligence is not fixed, and can be developed) than students from high-income families. However, having a growth mindset reduced the negative effects of being poor on school achievement.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Young children (4-7 years old) who took music lessons improved their ability to solve puzzles. Younger students also had more improvement in their math scores.

London Review of Education

Firstborns are more intelligent than their siblings on average, though the difference is small.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Parenting

Children believe they can develop their intelligence more when their parents more strongly believe that failure is useful, compared to children whose parents believe failure is harmful.

Psychological Science

Parenting

Encouraging children (aged 8-11) to gesture while problem solving or explaining ideas promoted more creative thinking.

Piano lessons and reading lessons each improved the ability to recognize sounds and differentiate words in Chinese kindergarten students.